王志辉团队

有些企业或个人银行账户莫名其妙地被经侦机关冻结，原因是公安机关怀疑账户涉嫌洗钱或有其他违法行为，这种情况往往会引发刑事案件。企业老板或个人被立案侦查，即使不构成刑事犯罪，但账户仍无法解冻。这是一类很特殊的案件，被冻结的账户里往往有巨额资金，账户持有人束手无策。绝大多数律师没有接触过这类案件，更谈不上成功案例。我们做过几十起这类案件，特别是跨境贸易、跨境资金账户转移，我们的成功案件遍布全国各地，能够急客户所急，帮助客户成功解冻账户。

收养常见问题分析解答QuestionsandAnswersforAdoptionQuestion1:收养的基本原则？Whatarethebasicprinciplesofadoption?Answer2:收养应当遵循最有利于被收养人的原则,保障被收养人和收养人的合法权益。禁止借收养名义买卖未成年人。Adoptionshouldfollowtheprincipleofbeingmostbeneficialtotheadopteeandprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterestsoftheadopteeandtheadopter.Itisforbiddentobuyorsellminorsinthenameofadoption.Q2:1、收养关系必须登记才受法律保护吗？2、收养需要评估吗？3、向哪个部门进行登记和评估？1.Doestheadoptiverelationshiphavetoberegisteredtobeprotectedbylaw?2.Doesadoptionneedtobeassessed?3.Towhichdepartmentdoyouregisterandevaluate?A2:1、必须登记。2、必须评估。3、收养应当向县级以上人民政府民政部门登记并评估。收养关系自登记之日起成立。1.Ithastoberegistered.2.Ithastobeevaluated.3.AdoptionshallberegisteredandassessedwiththeCivilAffairsDepartmentofthepeople'sgovernmentatorabovethecountylevel.Theadoptiverelationshipshallbeestablishedasofthedateofregistration.Q3:谁有权作为送养人？Whohastherighttobethepersonplacingoutthechildforadoption?A3:下列公民、组织可以作送养人：1、孤儿的监护人；2、社会福利机构；3、有特殊困难无力抚养子女的生父母。Thefollowingcitizensandorganizationsmaybethepersonplacingoutthechildforadoption:1.Guardiansoforphans;2.Socialwelfareinstitutions;3.Parentswhohavespecialdifficultiesandareunabletosupporttheirchildren.Q4:1、哪些未成年人可以被收养？2、收养三代以内同辈旁系血亲的子女（含过继）有什么具体规定？1.Whichminorscanbeadopted?2.Whatarethespecificprovisionsforadoptingchildrenofcollateralbloodrelativesofthesamegenerationwithinthreegenerations?A4:1、下列未成年人,可以被收养:（1）丧失父母的孤儿；（2）查找不到生父母的未成年人;（3）生父母有特殊困难无力抚养的子女。2、收养三代以内同辈旁系血亲的子女，可以不受下列规定限制：（1）生父母有特殊困难无力抚养的子女。（2）有特殊困难无力抚养子女的生父母。（3）无配偶者收养异性子女的,收养人与被收养人的年龄应当相差四十周岁以上。1.Thefollowingminorsmaybeadopted:(1)Orphanswhohavelosttheirparents;(2)Minorswhoseparentscannotbefound;(3)Childrenwhoseparentshavespecialdifficultiesandareunabletosupport.2.Theadoptionofchildrenofcollateralbloodrelativesofthesamegenerationwithinthreegenerationsisnotsubjecttothefollowingrestrictions:(1)Childrenwhoseparentshavespecialdifficultiesandareunabletosupport.(2)Parentswhohavespecialdifficultiesandareunabletosupporttheirchildren.(3)Ifapersonwithoutaspouseadoptsachildoftheoppositesex,theagedifferencebetweentheadopterandtheadopteeshallbeatleast40yearsold.Q5:收养未成年人的，需要征得未成年人的同意吗？Doestheadoptionofminorsrequiretheconsentofminors?A5:收养年满八周岁以上未成年人的，应当征得被收养人的同意。Whereaminorovereightyearsoldisadopted,theconsentoftheadopteeshallbeobtained.Q6:1、生父母能够送养子女吗？2、生父或生母单方能够送养子女吗？3、离婚后孩子被一方送人收养，另一方有权要回孩子吗？1.Canparentstakecareoftheirchildren?2.Canthefatherormothersendouttheirchildrenunilaterally?3.Afterdivorce,thechildisadoptedbyoneparty.Doestheotherpartyhavetherighttotakebackthechild?A6:1、生父母送养子女，须双方共同送养。2、生父母一方不明或者查找不到的可以单方送养。3、有权要回。1.Iftheparentsputouttheirchildrenforadoption,theymustputthemouttogether.2.Ifoneoftheparentsisunknownorcannotbefound,thechildmaybeplacedoutforadoptionunilaterally.3.Thepartyhastherighttogetitback.Q7:夫妻一方死亡，另一方将子女送养给他人，未经祖父母或外祖父母同意，其行为是否有效？Ifthehusbandorthewifediesandtheotherputsoutthechildtootherswithouttheconsentofthegrandparents,isiteffective?A7:送养行为无效。1、配偶一方死亡，另一方送养未成年子女的，死亡一方的父母有优先抚养的权利。2、审判实践中，夫妻一方死亡，另一方有抚养子女的能力而不愿尽抚养义务，以及另一方无抚养能力，且子女已经由有抚养能力，又愿意抚养的祖父母、外祖父母抚养的，为送养子女发生争议时，从有利于子女健康成长考虑，子女由祖父母或外祖父母继续抚养应当受到法律支持。Theadoptingbehaviorisineffective.1.Ifonespousediesandtheotherputsoutaminorchildforadoption,theparentsofthedeceasedshallhavetheprioritytobringupthechild.2.Inthetrialpractice,ifoneofthehusbandandwifedies,theotherpartyhastheabilitytosupporttheirchildrenbutisunwillingtofulfilltheobligationofsupportingthem,andtheotherpartyhasnoabilitytosupporttheirchildren,andtheirchildrenhavebeensupportedbygrandparentsandgrandparentswhohavetheabilitytosupportandarewillingtosupportthem,whenthereisadisputeaboutsendingouttheirchildrenforadoption,thegrandparentsorgrandparentsshouldcontinuetosupporttheirchildreninconsiderationofthehealthygrowthoftheirchildrenSupportedbythelaw.Q8:祖父母或外祖父母对未成年的孙子女、外孙子女有抚养义务吗？Dograndparentsorgrandparentshavetheobligationtosupporttheirgrandchildrenorgrandchildren?A8:有负担能力的祖父母、外祖父母，对于父母已经死亡或父母无力抚养的未成年的孙子女、外孙子女，有抚养的义务。Grandparentsandgrandparentswhocanafforditshallhavetheobligationtobringuptheirminorgrandchildrenandgrandchildrenwhoseparentshavediedorwhoseparentsareunabletobringthemup.Q9:未成年人的父母均不具备完全民事行为能力的，该未成年人的监护人能将未成年人送养吗？Iftheparentsofaminordonothavefullcapacityforcivilconduct,cantheguardianoftheminorplacetheminoroutforadoption?A9:该未成年人的监护人不得将其送养，但父母对该未成年人有严重危害可能的除外.Theguardianoftheminormaynotplacehimoutforadoption,exceptwherehisparentsmayseriouslyharmtheminor.Q10:监护人送养未成年孤儿的，有什么具体要求？Whatarethespecificrequirementsforguardianstoplaceoutminororphans?A10:1、监护人应当征得有抚养义务的人同意。2、有抚养义务的人不同意送养、监护人不愿意继续履行监护职责的，应当依照《民法典》的规定变更监护人。1.Aguardianshallobtaintheconsentofthepersonwhohastheobligationtosupporthim.2.Ifthepersonwhohastheobligationtosupportdoesnotagreetoputoutthechildforadoption,ortheguardianisunwillingtocontinuetoperformthedutyofguardianship,theguardianshallbechangedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthecivilcode.Q11:孤儿或者生父母无力抚养的子女，由生父母的亲属、朋友抚养，这种抚养关系能算作收养关系吗？Orphansorchildrenwhoseparentsareunabletosupportaresupportedbyrelativesorfriendsoftheirparents.Canthisrelationshipberegardedasadoption?A11:抚养人与被抚养人的关系不适用收养关系。Adoptiverelationshipisnotapplicabletotherelationshipbetweenthefosterandthedependant.Q12:外国人在中国收养子女有什么要求？WhataretherequirementsforforeignerstoadoptchildreninChina?A12:1、外国人在中国收养子女，应当经其所在国主管机关依照该国法律审查同意。收养人应当提供由其所在国有权机构出具的有关收养人的年龄、婚姻、职业、财产、健康、有无受过刑事处罚等状况的证明材料，该证明材料应当经其所在国外交机关或者外交机关授权的机构认证，并经中华人民共和国驻该国使领馆认证。2、该收养人应当与送养人订立书面协议，亲自向省级人民政府民政部门登记。3、允许夫妻双方共同收养，也允许单身收养，但不允许其他身份关系（含同性恋）的两个人共同收养一个孩子。4、收养关系当事人各方或者一方要求办理收养公证的,应当办理收养公证。1.TheadoptionofachildbyaforeignerinChinashallbesubjecttotheexaminationandapprovalofthecompetentauthoritiesofthecountrywheretheforeignerislocatedinaccordancewiththelawsofthatcountry.Theadoptershallprovidetheproofoftheadopter'sage,marriage,occupation,property,health,criminalpunishment,etc.issuedbythecompetentorganofthestatewheretheadopterislocated.Theproofshallbecertifiedbytheorganauthorizedbytheforeignaffairsorganordiplomaticorganwheretheadopterislocated,andbytheembassyorconsulateofthepeople'sRepublicofChinainthatcountry.2.TheadoptershallconcludeawrittenagreementwiththepersonplacingoutthechildforadoptionandregisterinpersonwiththeCivilAffairsDepartmentoftheprovincialpeople'sgovernment.3.Bothhusbandandwifeareallowedtoadopttogether,andsingleadoptionisalsoallowed,buttwopeoplewithotherstatus(includinghomosexuality)arenotallowedtoadoptachildtogether.4.Ifthepartiesoroneofthepartiestotheadoptiverelationshiprequestsnotarizationoftheadoption,notarizationoftheadoptionshallbeconducted.Q13:收养登记具体流程？Whatisthespecificprocessofadoptionregistration?A13:【1】当事人提出《收养登记申请书》。【2】当事人持有的证件、证明材料符合规定。收养人和被收养人应当提交2张2寸近期半身免冠合影照片。送养人应当提交2张2寸近期半身免冠合影或者单人照片，社会福利机构送养的除外。【3】收养登记员要分别询问或者调查收养人、送养人、年满10周岁以上的被收养人和其他应当询问或者调查的人。【4】收养查找不到生父母的弃婴、弃儿的，收养登记机关应当在登记前公告查找其生父母。【5】颁发收养登记证。【1】Thepartyconcernedfiledanapplicationforadoptionregistration.【2】Thecertificatesandsupportingmaterialsheldbythepartiesmeettherequirements.Theadopterandtheadopteeshallsubmittwo2-inchrecenthalflengthbareheadedgroupphotos.Thepersonplacingoutthechildforadoptionshallsubmittwo2-inchrecenthalflengthbareheadedgroupphotosorsinglephoto,exceptforthoseplacedoutbysocialwelfareinstitutions.【3】Theadoptionregistrantshallrespectivelyinquireorinvestigatetheadopter,thepersonplacingoutthechildforadoption,theadoptedpersonover10yearsoldandotherpersonswhoshouldinquireorinvestigate.【4】Inthecaseofadoptionofanabandonedchildoranabandonedchildwhoseparentscannotbefound,theadoptionregistrationauthorityshallmakeapublicannouncementtofindtheirparentsbeforeregistration.【5】Issuetheadoptionregistrationcertificate.

涉外继承的常见问题分析解答QuestionsandAnswersforForeign-RelatedInheritanceQuestion1:涉外继承的认定标准是什么？Whatisthestandardofforeign-relatedinheritance?Answer1:民事关系具有下列情形之一的，法院可以认定为涉外民事关系：（一）继承诉讼的一方或双方是外国公民、外国法人或者其他组织、无国籍人；（二）继承诉讼的一方或双方的经常居所地在中华人民共和国领域外；（三）继承诉讼的标的物在中华人民共和国领域外；（四）产生、变更或者消灭继承民事关系的法律事实发生在中华人民共和国领域外；（五）可以认定为涉外民事关系的其他情形。Underanyofthefollowingcircumstance,thepeople'scourtmaydetermineacivilrelationasaforeign-relatedcivilrelation:1.Whereeitherpartyorbothpartiesareforeigncitizens,foreignlegalpersonsorotherorganizationsorstatelesspersons;2.WherethehabitualresidenceofeitherpartyorbothpartieslocateoutsidetheterritoryofthePeople'sRepublicofChina;3.WherethesubjectmatterisoutsidetheterritoryofthePeople'sRepublicofChina;4.Wherethelegalfactthatleadstoestablishment,changeorterminationofthecivilrelationhappensoutsidetheterritoryofthePeople'sRepublicofChina;and5.Othercircumstancesthatmaybedeterminedasaforeign-relatedcivilrelation.Q2:继承案件能否适用仲裁吗？Canarbitrationprocessbeappliedtosuccessioncases?A2:不能。No.Q3:如果中国女友和外国男友同居，男女双方能够互相继承吗？CanChinesegirlfriendsandforeignboyfriends(ortheopposite)inheriteachotheriftheylivetogether(cohabitingrelationship)?A3:因为是同居关系，无法像夫妻一样互为“第一顺序继承人”。但符合下面两种情形之一，才可以分得适当遗产。具体数额可以由继承人之间互相协商，协商不成，由法院判决，按具体情况可多于或少于继承人。（1）一方缺乏劳动能力又没有生活来源，主要依靠另一方（被继承人）扶养的；（2）一方对另一方（被继承人）扶养较多的。Duetothenatureofthecohabitingrelationship,couplescannotserveasthefirstinheritorinlineforeachotherlikemarriagecouplesdo.However,onlywhenoneofthefollowingtwosituationsismetcantheappropriateinheritancebeshared.Thespecificamountcanbenegotiatedbetweentheheirs.Ifthenegotiationfails,thecourtwillmakeajudgment.Accordingtothespecificsituation,itcanbemoreorlessthantheheirs.(1)Onepartylackstheabilitytoworkandhasnosourceoflivelihood,andmainlydependsontheotherparty(theheir);(2)Onepartyhasmoresupportfortheotherparty(thedecedent).Q4:【管辖】继承遗产诉讼管辖的法院是哪些?[jurisdiction]whichcourthasthejurisdictionoverinheritancelitigation?A4:继承遗产诉讼属于专属管辖。由被继承人死亡时住所地或者主要遗产所在地人民法院管辖。专属管辖是地域管辖的一种。法律规定某些案件必须由特定的法院管理，当事人不能以协议的方式加以变更，管辖具有强制性和排他性。世界各国对于专属管辖权的规定，主要表现在继承和不动产等案件方面。InheritancelitigationbelongstotheCourt'sexclusivejurisdiction.Itshallbeunderthejurisdictionofthepeople'sCourtoftheplacewherethedecedenthadhisdomicileatthetimeofhisdeathorwherehismainestatewaslocated.Exclusivejurisdictionisakindofterritorialjurisdiction.Thelawstipulatesthatsomecasesmustbemanagedbyaspecificcourt,andthepartiescan'tchangethisbyagreement.Thejurisdictioniscompulsoryandexclusive.Theprovisionsofexclusivejurisdictionaroundtheworldaremainlyreflectedininheritanceandrealestatecases.Q5:【管辖】1、中国法院和外国法院都有管辖权的案件，一方当事人向外国法院起诉，而另一方当事人向中华人民共和国法院起诉的，人民法院如何处理？2、外国法院判决后，外国法院申请或者当事人请求人民法院承认和执行外国法院对本案作出的判决、裁定的，人民法院如何处理？3、外国法院判决、裁定已经被人民法院承认，当事人就同一争议向人民法院起诉的，人民法院如何处理？[jurisdiction]1.IncaseswherebothChineseandforeigncourtshavejurisdiction,ifonepartybringsasuittoaforeigncourtandtheotherpartybringsasuittoacourtofthepeople'sRepublicofChina,howshouldthepeople'scourthandleit?2.Afterthejudgmentofaforeigncourt,iftheforeigncourtappliesorthepartiesrequestthepeople'scourttorecognizeandenforcethejudgmentorrulingoftheforeigncourtonthecase,whatshallthepeople'scourtdo?3.Ifthejudgmentorwrittenorderofaforeigncourthasbeenrecognizedbythepeople'scourt,andthepartyconcernedbringsasuittothepeople'scourtforthesamedispute,howwillthepeople'scourthandleit?A5:1、人民法院可予受理。2、人民法院不予准许；但双方共同缔结或者参加的国际条约另有规定的除外。3、人民法院不予受理。1.Thepeople'scourtmayacceptit.2.Thepeople'scourtshallnotgrantsuchpermission,unlessotherwiseprovidedintheinternationaltreatiesconcludedoraccededtobybothparties.3.Thepeople'scourtwillnotacceptit.Q6:【适用法律】涉外法定继承，如何确定适用法律？[applicablelaw]howtodeterminetheapplicablelawofforeignlegalsuccession?A6:法定继承，适用被继承人死亡时经常居所地法律，但不动产法定继承，适用不动产所在地法律。Legalsuccessionappliestothelawoftheplacewherethedecedent'shabitualresidenceisatthetimeofdeath,butlegalsuccessionofrealestateappliestothelawoftheplacewheretherealestateislocated.Q7:【适用法律】如何确认涉外遗嘱成立、效力及适用法律？[applicablelaw]howtoconfirmtheformation,validityandapplicablelawofforeign-relatedwills?A7:1、遗嘱方式，符合遗嘱人立遗嘱时或者死亡时经常居所地法律、国籍国法律或者遗嘱行为地法律的，遗嘱均为成立。2、遗嘱效力，适用遗嘱人立遗嘱时或者死亡时经常居所地法律或者国籍国法律。1.Iftheformofawillisinaccordancewiththelawofthetestator'shabitualresidence,thelawofthecountryofnationalityorthelawoftheplacewherethewillismadeordied,thewillshallbeestablished.2.Thelawofthetestator'shabitualresidenceorthelawofthecountryofnationalityshallapplytothevalidityofthewill.Q8:【适用法律】1、诉讼进行中夫妻双方能够协议选择或者变更选择适用的法律吗？2、各方当事人援引相同国家的法律且未提出法律适用异议的，法院如何处理？[applicablelaw]1.Canthehusbandandwifechooseorchangetheapplicablelawbyagreementduringthelitigation?2.Ifthepartiesinvokethelawsofthesamecountryanddonotraiseanyobjectiontotheapplicationofthelaw,whatshouldthecourtdo?A8:1、当事人在一审法庭辩论终结前协议选择或者变更选择适用的法律的，人民法院应予准许。2、法院可以认定当事人已经就涉外民事关系适用的法律做出了选择。1.Ifthepartiesagreetochooseorchangetheapplicablelawbeforetheendofthedebateinthecourtoffirstinstance,thepeople'scourtshallallowit.2.Thecourtcandeterminethatthepartieshavemadeachoiceontheapplicablelawofforeign-relatedcivilrelations.Q9:1、涉外诉讼离婚，外籍当事人可以委托本国人为诉讼代理人吗？2、涉外诉讼离婚，外籍当事人不再中国境内，如何委托诉讼代理人？1.Canaforeignpartyappointanativepartyasthelegalrepresentationfortheforeign-relateddivorcelitigation?2.HowtodealwiththelegalrepresentationwhentheforeignlitigantisnolongerinChina?A9:1、涉外民事诉讼中的外籍当事人，可以委托本国人为诉讼代理人，也可以委托本国律师以非律师身份担任诉讼代理人；外国驻华使领馆官员，受本国公民的委托，可以以个人名义担任诉讼代理人，但在诉讼中不享有外交或者领事特权和豁免。2、涉外民事诉讼中，外国驻华使领馆授权其本馆官员，在作为当事人的本国国民不在中华人民共和国领域内的情况下，可以以外交代表身份为其本国国民在中华人民共和国聘请中华人民共和国律师或者中华人民共和国公民代理民事诉讼。1.Aforeignpartyinaforeign-relatedcivilactionmayappointapersoninhisorherowncountryashisorherlegalrepresentation,oralawyerinhisorherowncountryasanagentadliteminthenon-lawyercapacity;anofficialofaforeignembassyorconsulateinChina,entrustedbyhisowncitizens,mayactasanagentadliteminhisownname,buthedoesnotenjoydiplomaticorconsularprivilegesandimmunitiesintheaction.2.Inforeign-relatedcivillitigation,foreignembassiesandconsulatesinChinaauthorizetheirownofficialstoemploylawyersofthepeople'sRepublicofChinaorcitizensofthepeople'sRepublicofChinatorepresenttheirnationalsinthepeople'sRepublicofChinaasdiplomaticrepresentativeswhentheirnationalsarenotwithintheterritoryofthepeople'sRepublicofChina.Q10:涉外继承案件审理期限？Whatisthetimelimitforhearingforeign-relatedinheritancecases?A10:1、人民法院适用普通程序审理的案件，应当在立案之日起六个月内审结。有特殊情况需要延长的，由本院院长批准，可以延长六个月；还需要延长的，报请上级人民法院批准。2、人民法院审理对判决的上诉案件，应当在第二审立案之日起三个月内审结。有特殊情况需要延长的，由本院院长批准。人民法院审理对裁定的上诉案件，应当在第二审立案之日起三十日内作出终审裁定。1.Acasetriedbyapeople'scourtunderordinaryprocedureshallbeconcludedwithinsixmonthsfromthedateoffiling.Iftheextensionisnecessaryunderspecialcircumstances,itshallbeapprovedbythepresidentofthepeople'scourt,andmaybeextendedforsixmonths;iftheextensionisstillnecessary,itshallbereportedtothepeople'scourtatahigherlevelforapproval.2.Whenapeople'scourttriesacaseofappealagainstajudgment,itshallconcludethetrialwithinthreemonthsfromthedateoffilingthecaseofthesecondinstance.Iftheextensionisnecessaryunderspecialcircumstances,itshallbeapprovedbythepresidentofthecourt.Thepeople'scourtshallmakeafinaljudgmentwithin30daysfromthedateoffilingthecaseofthesecondinstancewhentryingtheappealcaseagainsttheruling.Q11:1、对外国法院作出的发生法律效力的判决、裁定或者外国仲裁裁决，需要中国法院执行的，当事人如何提出申请？2、申请执行期间是多长？1.Ifalegallyeffectivejudgment,rulingorforeignarbitralawardmadebyaforeigncourtneedstobeenforcedbyaChinesecourt,howcanthepartiesapply?2.Howlongistheapplicationperiod?A11:1、当事人应当先向人民法院申请承认。人民法院经审查，裁定承认后，予以执行。2、申请执行的期间为二年。申请执行时效的中止、中断，适用法律有关诉讼时效中止、中断的规定。前款规定的期间，从法律文书规定履行期间的最后一日起计算；法律文书规定分期履行的，从规定的每次履行期间的最后一日起计算；法律文书未规定履行期间的，从法律文书生效之日起计算。1.Thepartyconcernedshallfirstapplytothepeople'scourtforrecognition.Afterexamination,thepeople'scourtmakesanordertorecognizeitandthenexecuteit.2.Theapplicationperiodistwoyears.Thesuspensionandinterruptionofthelimitationofapplicationforexecutionshallbegovernedbytheprovisionsofthelawonthesuspensionandinterruptionofthelimitationofaction.Theperiodspecifiedintheprecedingparagraphshallbecalculatedfromthelastdayoftheperiodofperformancespecifiedinthelegaldocument;ifthelegaldocumentprovidesforperformancebystages,itshallbecalculatedfromthelastdayofeachperiodofperformance;ifthelegaldocumentdoesnotprovidefortheperiodofperformance,itshallbecalculatedfromtheeffectivedateofthelegaldocument.